Ukuphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-nucleides eguqulweyo

I-Nucleosides, iibhloko zokwakha ze-nucleic acids (i-DNA kunye ne-RNA), zidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kugcino lwencwadi yemfuzo kunye nokudluliselwa. Ngelixa i-nucleostides esemgangathweni, i-Adenine, i-guanine, i-cytosine, Consermine, kwaye i-Uratil-yaziwa kakhulu, yi-nucleostide eguqulweyo edla ngokudibanisa inkqubo yobunzima kunye nokusebenza kwiinkqubo zebhayiloji.

Zithini i-nucleossides ezilungisiweyo?

I-nucleostides eguqulweyo yi-nucleotides eneenguqulelo zekhemikhali kwisiseko sabo, iswekile, okanye iqela le-phosphate. Olu hlengahlengiso lunokutshintsha iipropathi zomzimba kunye nekhemikhali yenyukliya, ichaphazela ukusebenzisana kwayo nezinye iimolekyuli kwaye ichaphazele umsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi we-nucleic acid.

Iindidi zolungiso kunye nemisebenzi yazo

Uhlengahlengiso olusisiseko: Oku kubandakanya utshintsho kwi-nitrogenous yesiseko senyukliya. Imizekelo ibandakanya ubuchwephesha, i-acetyhration, kunye ne-glycossimting. Utshintsho olusisiseko lunokuchaphazela:

Uzinzo: Iziseko ezilungisiweyo zinokwandisa uzinzo lwee-acids ze-nucleic, zikhusela ekungcoleni.

Ukwamkelwa: Iziseko ezilungisiweyo zinokusebenza njengeendawo zokuqonda iiprotheyini, ukuphembelela iinkqubo ezinjenge-RNA i-synthesing kunye neprotein synthesis.

Umsebenzi: Iziseko ezilungisiweyo zinokutshintsha umsebenzi wee-acid zenyukliya, njengoko zibonwa kwi-trna kunye neRRANA.

Uhlengahlengiso lweswekile: Uhlengahlengiso kwi-Ribose okanye iswekile yeDeoxyribose kuchaphazela iMigaqo kunye nozinzo kwi-nucleic acid. Uhlengahlengiso oluqhelekileyo lweswekile lubandakanya ubuyelo kunye ne-pseudouridyation.

Uhlengahlengiso lwe-phosphate: Iinguqu kwi-phosphate ngasemva inokuphembelela uzinzo kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-nucleic acid. I-methyling yeqela le-phosphate yinguqu eqhelekileyo.

Iindima zeNyukliya eziguqulweyo kwiiNkqubo zeBiologio

Uzinzo lwe-RNA: i-nycukies eguqulwe igalelo kukuzinza kweemolekyuli zeRNA, ukukhusela ekungcoleni.

Iprotein Synthesis: I-Nucleosides eguqulweyo kwi-TRNA idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiProtein Synthesis ngokuphembelela i-codon-antdotions.

IMigaqo yeGene: Uhlengahlengiso kwi-DNA kunye neRNA inokulawula intetho yesifo sokukhuphela, ukucocwa, kunye nokuguqula.

Ukuphindezela ngentsholongwane: Iintsholongwane ezininzi ziguqula i-acids yazo ze-nucleic ukuphepha i-questy yenkqubo yobuqhetseba.

Isifo: Utshintsho kwiipateni zenyukliya eziguqulweyo zidityaniswe nezifo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya umhlaza.

Ukusetyenziswa kweNyukoides eguqulweyo

Iarhente zonyango: i-nucukides eguqulweyo isetyenziswa ekuphuhlisweni kwamachiza aquiviral kunye ne-antices.

I-biomarkers: I-InCleostides eguqulweyo inokusebenza njengabamamakishi kwizifo, ukubonelela ngokuqonda kwiindlela zesifo.

I-biologytictictictictictict: I-nucleostides eguqulweyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-acid ye-acid yenyukliya ye-nelecleic eneempawu zentsholongwane.

I-Nanotechnology: I-Nucleostides eguqulweyo inokusetyenziselwa ukwakha uhlengahlengiso lwezicelo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuqukumbela

I-Nucleostides eguqulweyo ingamacandelo afanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zebhayoloji, idlala iindima ezahlukeneyo kwigama lokutyibilisela, ummiselo kunye neenkqubo zeselula. Iipropathi zabo ezahlukileyo zizenzele izixhobo ezixabisekileyo kwi-biotechnology, amayeza kunye ne-nanotechnology. Njengoko ukuqonda kwethu kwezi molekyuli kuyaqhubeka kukhula, sinokulindela ukubona izicelo ezinokubakho ngakumbi.